Xenograft iterposition in female urethral diverticulum surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the use collagen xenograft as adjuvant therapy in the surgical treatment of female urethral diverticulum (FUD) and to perform a bibliographic review. METHODS: We performed a surgical approach to remove the diverticulum and repair the remaining dead space with a porcine collagen mesh to avoid fistulas. Monitoring is done by MRI. RESULTS: After two years of follow up the patient improved considerably, disappearing the previous symptoms. Follow-up MRI showed no abnormality: There was no inflammatory reaction or encapsulation of any kind. CONCLUSIONS: We recognize that the flap or the use of a xenograft are not always necessary, but due to its technical simplicity and effectiveness, it is an important tool for diverticulum surgery. However, more experience is needed to assess the appropriateness of this method.

Impact of renal retransplantation on graft and recipient survival.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of retransplantation in graft and recipient survival. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study in 419 renal transplants and studied the influence of retransplantation in graft and patient survival. A homogeneity study was performed between the two groups with a Student`s T and a chi-square tests. Graft survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meyer and log rank tests. RESULTS: Of 419 transplants, 370 (88.3%) were first transplantations, 45 (10.7%) second transplantations and 4(1%) third ones. Mean follow-up of the whole group was 72.5 months (±54.1 SD). There were no differences in follow-up between groups (Mean Follow-up 73.1 months ±54.4 SD in first transplantations vs. 61.6 months ±51.2 SD in repeat transplantation. p >0.05). The actuarial graft survival showed no differences between patients with first transplantation and those with a repeat one. [3 and 5 year SV of 89% (95% CI: 87-91%) and 84%(95% CI: 82-86%) Vs 88% (95% CI; 83-93%) and 85% (95% CI:i; 80-90%) respectively]. After adjusting for all the heterogeneity variables we still did not find differences on graft survival. The actuarial recipient survival showed no differences between patients with first transplantation and those with a repeat one. [3 and 5 year SV of 98% and 96% Vs.97%]. CONCLUSIONS: There are no differences of graft and recipient survival between patients with a first transplantation and those with a repeat one.

Impacto del retrasplante renal en la supervivencia del injerto y receptor / Impact of renal retransplantation on graft and recipient survival

OBJETIVO: Nuestro objetivo es valorar si un segundo o tercer trasplante tienen influencia en la supervivencia del injerto renal y en la del receptor.MÉTODOS: Analizamos retrospectivamente 419 trasplantes renales consecutivos realizados entre 1994 y 2010, analizando la influencia del retrasplante en la supervivencia del injerto renal. Se ha realizado un estudio de homogeneidad de los dos grupos mediante Tablas de contingencia para las variables cualitativas y t de student para las cuantitativas. La supervivencia y comparación de supervivencia con Kaplan-Meyer y log-rank..RESULTADOS: De los 419 trasplantes, 370 (88,3%) fueron primeros trasplantes 45(10,7%) segundos trasplantes y 4(1%) terceros. Media de seguimiento de todo el grupo de 72,5 meses (+/- 54,1 DE) y mediana de 68,8 meses( Rango de 0 a 188 meses ).No existen diferencias en el tiempo de seguimiento (Media del grupo de pacientes con un solo trasplante de 73,1 meses +/-54,4DE Vs. 61,6 meses +/-51,2DE del grupo de pacientes retrasplantados. p >0,05).El análisis de la supervivencia actuarial del injerto revela que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los pacientes con un primer trasplante y los retrasplantados [SPV 89% (95% IC; 87- 91%) y 84% (95% IC; 82-86%) a los 3 y 5 años frente a 88% (95% IC; 83-93%) a los 3 años y 85% (95% IC; 80-90%) a los 5 años]. Al ajustar por las variables para las que los grupos no fueron homogeneos las diferencias se siguen manteniendo.El análisis de supervivencia de los receptores revela que tampoco existen diferencias entre los dos grupos [SPV del 98% y 96% a los 3 y 5 años en los primeros trasplantes frente a 97% a los 3 años y 5 años en los retrasplantados].CONCLUSIONES: No existen diferencias en la supervivencia del injerto ni en la de los receptores entre pacientes trasplantados por primera vez y aquellos que reciben un retrasplante(AU)

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of retransplantation in graft and recipient survival.METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study in 419 renal transplants and studied the influence of retransplantation in graft and patient survival.A homogeneity study was performed between the two groups with a Student`s T and a chi-square tests. Graft survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meyer and log rank tests.RESULTS: Of 419 transplants, 370 (88.3%) were first transplantations, 45(10.7%) second transplantations and 4(1%) third ones. Mean follow-up of the whole group was 72.5 months (+/-54.1 SD).There were no differences in follow-up between groups (Mean Follow-up 73.1 months +/-54.4 SD in first transplantations vs. 61.6 months +/-51.2 SD in repeat transplantation. p >0.05). The actuarial graft survival showed no differences between patients with first transplantation and those with a repeat one. [3 and 5-year SV of 89% (95% CI: 87-91%) and 84% (95% CI: 82-86%) Vs 88% (95% CI; 83-93%) and 85% (95% CI; 80-90%) respectively].After adjusting for all the heterogeneity variables we still did not find differences on graft survival.The actuarial recipient survival showed no differences between patients with first transplantation and those with a repeat one. [3 and 5 year SV of 98% and 96% Vs. 97%].CONCLUSIONS: There are no differences of graft and recipient survival between patients with a first transplantation and those with a repeat one(AU)

Association of crossed renal ectopia and aortic aneurism. Case report.

OBJECTIVE: Renal malformations are rare entities and rarely have clinical consequences. Crossed renal ectopia has an incidence of 1/2.000 autopsies. The association with aortic aneurysm is even more exceptional. METHODS: We present our case and perform a bibliographic review. RESULTS: To date and in our knowledge, seven cases of crossed renal ectopia associated with aortic aneurysm were described on the literature. This malformation makes the treatment of the aneurysm more complex. The possibility of renal function decrease caused by injuries to the renal arteries during the surgical procedure is always present. Because of this risk of injury of the kidney during surgery preoperative evaluation of the vascularization must include image technologies as the MRI, CT-angiography or conventional arteriography. During the aortic intervention vascular conservation must be performed and it is necessary to minimize the time of renal ischemia. CONCLUSIONS: The association of crossed renal ectopia and aortic aneurysm is a rare event. The surgical intervention of the aorta does not have to necessarily originate a loss of renal function. Anyway the worsening of the renal clearance must be foreseen.

Asociación entre ectopia renal cruzada con fusión y aneurisma aórtico. A propósito de un caso / Association of crossed renal ectopia and aortic aneurism. Case report

OBJETIVO: La malformación renal es una entidad poco frecuente y rara vez tiene traducción clínica. La ectopia renal cruzada tiene una incidencia de 1 de cada 2.000 autopsias. Su asociación con un aneurisma aórtico es todavía más excepcional.MÉTODOS: Presentamos nuestro caso y revisamos la literatura.RESULTADOS: Hasta la fecha y en nuestro conocimiento hay descritos 7 casos de ectopia renal cruzada con fusión asociados a aneurisma aórtico. Este fenómeno hace que el tratamiento del aneurisma sea más complejo pudiendo ocasionar una disminución de la función renal por lesiones en su vascularización. Para evitarlo, la vascularización renal debe ser estudiada preoperatoriamente mediante pruebas como la RM, el Angio-Tac o la Arteriografía. Durante la intervención sobre la aorta se deben realizar técnicas de conservación vascular y se debe de minimizar el tiempo de isquemia renal.CONCLUSIONES: La asociación de riñón ectópico cruzado y aneurisma de aorta es un evento raro. La cirugía o procedimientos sobre la aorta no tienen por qué acarrear una perdida de función renal importante y ésta debe ser prevista antes de la intervención (AU)

OBJECTIVE: Renal malformations are rare entities and rarely have clinical consequences. Crossed renal ectopia has an incidence of 1/2.000 autopsies. The association with aortic aneurysm is even more exceptional.METHODS: We present our case and perform a bibliographic review.RESULTS: To date and in our knowledge , seven cases of crossed renal ectopia associated with aortic aneurysm were described on the literature. This malformation makes the treatment of the aneurysm more complex. The possibility of renal function decrease caused by injuries to the renal arteries during the surgical procedure is always present. Because of this risk of injury of the kidney during surgery preoperative evaluation of the vascularization must include image technologies as the MRI, CT-angiography or conventional arteriography. During the aortic intervention vascular conservation must be performed and it is necessary to minimize the time of renal ischemia.CONCLUSIONS: The association of crossed renal ectopia and aortic aneurysm is a rare event. The surgical intervention of the aorta does not have to necessarily originate a loss of renal function. Anyway the worsening of the renal clearance must be foreseen (AU)

Hematocele / Hematocele

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[Development of bladder stone following a tension-free vaginal tape procedure: a case report]. / Desarrollo de cálculo vesical tras procedimiento de colocación de malla TVT: a propósito de un caso.

The bladder stone formation due to intravesical mesh erosion of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) is an infrequent complication. We report a case of 73 years old woman, treated in two occasions by means of the positioning of a TVT with the intention of treating its urinary incontinence. The symptoms, of a year of evolution, was characterized by disuria, pelvic pain, diarrea and constitutional syndrome. RM showed bladder stone fixed to bladder wall. The extraction of the bladder stone was made by the section of the polypropilene mesh on which the calculi had been developed. 6 months later, control cystoscopy revealed complete healing of bladder mucosa.

Desarrollo de cálculo vesical tras procedimiento de colocación de malla TVT: A propósito de un caso / Development of bladder stone following a Tension-free Vaginal Tape procedure: Acase report

La formación de un cálculo vesical como consecuencia de la erosión de la mucosa vesical secundaria a la colocación de una malla TVT es una complicación poco frecuente. El caso que presentamos es el de una mujer de 73 años intervenida en dos ocasiones mediante la colocación de una malla TVT con el objeto de tratar su incontinencia urinaria de origen mixto. La clínica de la paciente se caracterizaba por una intensa disuria, urgencia miccional, dolor perineal, diarrea y síndrome constitucional de un año de evolución. Se llegó al diagnostico mediante una placa de abdomen y una RM. El tratamiento se realizó mediante una intervención de cistolitotomía y la sección de la malla protésica sobre la cual se había desarrollado el cálculo. La integridad de la vejiga y la ausencia de lesiones secundarias se constató mediante una cistoscopia realizada a los 6 meses de la intervención (AU)

The bladder stone formation due to intravesical mesh erosion of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) is an infrequent complication. We report a case of 73 years old woman, treated in two occasions by means of the positioning of a TVT with the intention of treating its urinary incontinence. The symptoms, of a year of evolution, was characterized by disuria, pelvic pain, diarrea and constitutional syndrome. RM showed bladder stone fixed to bladder wall. The extraction of the bladder stone was made by the section of the polypropilene mesh on which the calculi had been developed. 6 months later, control cystoscopy revealed complete healing of bladder mucosa (AU)